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31.
剩余污泥中蛋白质的资源化利用是目前研究的热点,污泥预处理则是实现污泥中蛋白质释放的重要途径。为了进一步提高剩余污泥中蛋白质的溶出效果,选取热碱预处理、超声碱联合预处理、溶菌酶预处理对污泥进行溶胞,以蛋白质提取浓度为主要指标进行参数优化,并利用等电点法对粗提取蛋白进行纯化回收。结果表明:溶胞效果热碱预处理(pH值13、温度140℃、时间1.5 h,2 062.98 mg/L)>超声碱联合预处理(497.76 mg/L)>溶菌酶预处理(269.95 mg/L),且在pH值为3时热碱预处理蛋白质纯化回收率可达62.42%。试验结果表明:热碱预处理在提取效果方面较另外两种方法优势明显,具有良好的利用前景。 相似文献
32.
Wenlu Song Rui Huang Hao Guo Chunguang Yin Chuanling Wang Jun Cheng Weijuan Yang 《中国化学工程学报》2021,37(9):114-120
Steam pretreatment was employed to disrupt microalgal cells for lipids extraction.Effects of steam pre-treatment on microstructure of microalgal cells were investigated through scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM).Effect of treatment on lipid extraction was also stud-ied.Microalgal cell walls were distorted after steam pretreatment due to the hydrolysis of organic macro-molecules contained in cell wall.Maximum curvature was increased from 1.88 × 10-6 m-1 to 1.43 × 10-7 m-1 after treatment with the steam at 130 ℃.The fractal dimension of microalgal cells increased from 1.25 to 1.30 after pretreatment for 15 min,and further increased to 1.47 when the pre-treatment time was increased to 60 min.Increased steam pretreatment temperature and time enhanced the hydrolysis of organic macromolecules,and finally destroyed microalgal cell walls at pretreatment temperature of 130 ℃ and pretreatment time of 60 min.Lipid extracted from wet microalgal was signif-icantly increased (2.1-fold) after pretreatment. 相似文献
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Marta Martinez-Garcia Winnie Dejonghe Lieve Cauwenberghs Miranda Maesen Karolien Vanbroekhoven Yamini Satyawali 《European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology》2021,123(2):2000225
Glucose- and xylose laurate esters are enzymatically synthesized using equimolar substrate concentrations in 2-methyl-2-butanol, comparing free lauric acid with methyl- and vinyl-laurate as acyl donors. All reactions result in ≥70% acyl donor conversions after 72 h but the activated donors are also partially hydrolyzed to lauric acid, highlighting the difficulty in controlling water presence in this particular reaction system. The esterification of xylose generates a complex product profile, with several regioisomers of monoesters and diesters. The esterification of glucose is quite selective, forming mainly the 6-O monoester (≥96%) with a small presence of two diester isomers (4%). Increasing substrate concentration up to 800 millimoles kg−1 results in lower conversion values (down to 58%) but shows that the reaction proceeds successfully even in the presence of high amounts of insoluble glucose. However, the reaction is less selective and the proportion of diester increases, becoming up to 46% (molar fraction) of the final product. Solvent recovery after esterification can be achieved by organic solvent nanofiltration through a polymeric membrane able to retain ≥80% of all reaction substrates and products. Practical Applications: The use of high substrate concentrations during the enzymatic synthesis of sugar ester biosurfactants leads to product titers that are more industrially appealing, without the need to find a solvent that can solubilize all initial substrate. The sustainability of the enzymatic conversion at mild temperatures can be enhanced by recycling of the reaction solvent through organic solvent nanofiltration, an energy efficient alternative to other traditional methods like distillation. 相似文献
35.
36.
X.F. Liu 《Corrosion Science》2007,49(9):3494-3513
In the study, on the basis of material analysis of 6016 aluminum alloy widely used in Europe automotive industry, the influences of surface pretreatment on filiform corrosion and adhesion of epoxy coating/aluminum alloy interface were investigated, and the effect of rolling direction and coating property on filiform corrosion was also examined. The alloy surfaces were pretreated with etching solution, and then, respectively, with Aminopropyl silane solution, Aminopropyl phosphonate solution, and hexamethyldisiloxane plasma.The results showed that the susceptibility of pretreated surface to filiform corrosion was basically consistent with the distribution of intermetallic particles, and that water permeation and the tensility of coating were necessary for filament to grow. HMDSO plasma pretreatment could not only efficiently cover the matrix of 6016 aluminum alloy and cathodic intermetallic particles containing Al, Si, Mn, and Fe, but also apparently promote the adhesion of epoxy coating/aluminum alloy, as a result, the specimens with plasma pretreatment exhibited the superior performance in the filiform corrosion and peeling tests, so it was suitable to apply for the pretreatment of aluminum alloy in automotive industry. 相似文献
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38.
汽车铝轮毂电镀工艺初探(一) 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1
介绍了汽车铝轮毂电镀工艺中各工序的技术规范与现场管理。文章分3期连载。第一部分叙述了毛坯检查、机械准备(研磨和抛光)、化学准备(除蜡和除油)、碱蚀、酸蚀等工序的操作要领以及质量控制的要求,并指出了挂具的技术要求。 相似文献
39.
Chemo-enzymatic synthesis of amino acid-based surfactants 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
Rao Valivety Paula Jauregi Iqbal Gill Evgeny Vulfson 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》1997,74(7):879-886
The application of lipases to the synthesis of amino acid-based surfactants was investigated. Low yields (2–9%) were obtained
in the acylation of free amino acids, such as l-serine and l-lysine, as well as their ethyl esters and amides with fatty acids, owing in part to low miscibility of the reactants. When
the N-carbobenzyloxy (Cbz)-l-amino acids were used in an effort to improve miscibility of the amino acid derivatives with the acyl donor, a dramatic improvement
was observed for N-Cbz-l-serine (92% yield) but not for N
α-Cbz- or N
ζ-Cbz-l-lysine (7 and 2% yield, respectively). As an alternative, and efficient synthesis of N
ζ-acyl-l-lysines was developed, based on the regiospecific chemical acylation of copper(II) lysinate. In pursuit of a general route
to amino acid-fatty acid surfactants, the utility of a polyol linker was investigated. Thus, the glycerol ester of N
α′
N
ζ-di-Cbz-l-lysine was prepared and evaluated as a substrate for acylation. As expected, this and other glycer-1-yl esters of N-protected amino acids were excellent substrates for lipase-catalyzed acylation. Their reaction with myristic acid in the
presence of Novozyme resulted in the regioselective acylation of the primary hydroxyl group of the glycerol moiety to afford
the corresponding 1-O-(N-Cbz-l-aminoacyl)-3-O-myris-toylglycerols with conversions of 50–90%. These were readily deprotected to give a range of 1-O-(aminoacyl)-3-O-myristoyl-glycerols with overall yields of 27–71%. 相似文献
40.
D-HPG废水的预处理 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
D-对羟基苯甘氨酸制药废水 COD高 ,成分复杂。采用 Fe粉及 Fenton试剂预处理 ,COD总去除率高达98%以上。小试确定了 Fe粉加入量为 14 0 g/ L、曝气时间为 7h、Fenton法预处理 D- HPG废水的最佳反应条件 :H2 O2 质量浓度为 2 1.5 g/ L,Fe SO4 质量浓度为 3.8g/ L,氧化时间为 4 h,p H为 5 相似文献